NO CAP, NO TRADE, JUST TAX?
David Frum's reply is actually more confusing than his original. He admits, first, that he's describing Henry Waxman's cap and trade bill, not, as previously stated, Barack Obama's. Which makes the original title of his post, "Tricky, Tricky, Mr. Obama," a bit weird. But so be it. It is Waxman's bill, David says, that he was describing when he said that cap and trade will only raise revenue if carbon emissions increase.
David seems to think that Waxman caps carbon "at present levels and [polluters] only pay if they exceed those levels." Not true. Waxman's bill is on his web site: "Beginning in 2011, it cuts emissions by roughly 2% per year, reaching 1990 emissions levels by 2020. After 2020, it cuts emissions by roughly 5% per year. By 2050, emissions will be 80% lower than in 1990." Those reductions are achieved through a carbon permit auction where polluters purchase the right to emit a ton of carbon. Each permit purchased creates federal revenue. And the fact that the cap continues ratcheting down means, by definition, that polluters continue to pay as emissions decrease from present levels.
But the direction of David's misconception in interesting: It turns cap and trade from a climate change plan into a backdoor revenues project. Many liberals I know are confused by conservative antipathy to cap and trade, given that it's a fundamentally market-driven proposal meant to correct a widely acknowledged market failure (an unpriced externality). But David seems to think cap and trade is just a sneaky tax meant to tighten government control over the economy. Indeed, he thinks that the government only makes money if emissions increase, and so it has little reason to actually force lower emissions. This isn't correct. Not in Waxman's bill, not in Obama's bill. But among conservatives, David's an uncommonly policy-oriented thinker. So if this is what he thinks, it's not hard to see why folks farther to his right have decided the whole damn thing is a cynical hoax.
Related: Kevin Drum has an excellent cap and trade primer in the latest issue of Mother Jones (which also happens to be a particularly excellent issue of Mother Jones -- buy it of you see it).
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COMMENTS (14)
The new conservative dogma: cap and trade = massive new tax increase on businesses. And unfortunately, Kevin's article admits as much.
Posted by: NCProsecutor | February 27, 2009 11:02 AM
for a brief trip down memory lane, see the discussion of "environment as property" in Krugman's old "looking back from the future" piece in the Times magazine. Other parts are interesting too
http://www.pkarchive.org/theory/backwrd2.html
Posted by: bdbd | February 27, 2009 11:29 AM
Superman —
Allergic to a rainbow of Krypton
"Conservatives" !
Allergic to Thought and Poisoned by truth .
"Conservatives" !
The R. M. Renfield of the limp neo con aristocrat artists .
Posted by: FRP | February 27, 2009 11:34 AM
Climate change and any required action is a very hard thing for them to concede. Here's George Lakoff the other day:
http://www.fivethirtyeight.com/2009/02/george-lakoff-on-obama-code.html
They've spent their whole careers trying to keep technocrats as far away from the levers of power as possible. So this is really a problem for them.
By the way, the people to their right, like George Will? They're either conspiracy theorists (scientists have the game rigged) or they're making a calculated Straussians gamble (ie, lying). And his editor at the Washington Post is perfectly willing to let him do it.
Posted by: JJ | February 27, 2009 11:35 AM
(Sorry, some pronoun confusion in there, but you get my point...)
Posted by: JJ | February 27, 2009 11:38 AM
Conservatives do not agree that there is an environment problem, nor do they agree that carbon is an externality. If they do agree that it is an externality, they assign a very low pricetag to it, and then protest that the money can't go to the government anyway as they will misuse the funds.
So this is the strange world they live in.
Posted by: scott | February 27, 2009 11:40 AM
A cap and trade would only be agreeable to economic conservatives if the externality was price correctly and if the revenue was redistributed fairly amongst businesses (as say a corporate tax reduction or income tax reduction).
Instead cap and trade is little more than a progressive tax on something liberals don't like with all the revenue used to buy votes.
But why are we (conservatives and progressives) ignoring the international trade implications of cap and trade? A 28$ per ton tax on US carbon is like placing a duty on all goods produced in the US. Domestic jobs will be lost and Republicans better make sure the democrats take all the credit.
Posted by: gordon gekk | February 27, 2009 11:43 AM
If you wish to meaningfully reduce carbon emissions, there is no solution....NONE....that doesn't involve the cooperation of China and India and a few others.
But I believe most know that. They do not measure the success of a program as to whether it actually accomplished the goal. Instead, they measure it by 'good intentions' as is done with the war on poverty. Trillions spent since LBJ and little to show for it.
Carbon emission control will be similarly ineffective and expensive. It will accomplish nothing.
Posted by: El Viajero | February 27, 2009 12:11 PM
El is right--India and China have to be on board. But if we do not lead, if we instead take the attitude of "we got ours (being rapid economic growth based on cheap carbon) now screw you", then we have no hope of getting India and China to move in the right direction vs repeat our mistakes.
Posted by: scott | February 27, 2009 12:19 PM
Council of despair much, El Viajero?
What's needed to solve the problem is what Steven Chu called "giving the problem to the engineers instead of the lobbyists." If we don't lead, why should China and India do anything? If we don't lead, we gain no leverage in international negotiations.
Also, this is everyone's problem. Everyone has an interest in solving it.
Posted by: JJ | February 27, 2009 12:19 PM
El is right--India and China have to be on board. But if we do not lead, if we instead take the attitude of "we got ours (being rapid economic growth based on cheap carbon) now screw you", then we have no hope of getting India and China to move in the right direction vs repeat our mistakes.
India and China are interested in getting theirs. They aren't interested in learning a moral lesson from us.
Really, it's like saying "We can only teach them that winning isn't everything by running this race really slowly. They are sure to slow down, too!"
Posted by: kaybeel | February 27, 2009 12:32 PM
"India and China are interested in getting theirs."
They certainly will if they have no more fresh water due to the disappearance of mountain snow and ice.
Posted by: JJ | February 27, 2009 12:50 PM
Hold your horses, gordon gekk.
A cap and trade would only be agreeable to economic conservatives if the externality was price correctly and if the revenue was redistributed fairly amongst businesses (as say a corporate tax reduction or income tax reduction).
Instead cap and trade is little more than a progressive tax on something liberals don't like with all the revenue used to buy votes.
Cap-and-trade is precisely the mechanism by which you allow the market to reveal the correct price of the externality. That's one of its merits over a carbon tax. A carbon tax is unlikely to be set to the "right price," and politics means it will almost inevitably be set too low. (Politics mucks up cap-and-trade too, which is why Europe's scheme is largely a bungle. Too many permits and, importantly, free distribution. Free distribution largely undermines the internalization effort. And internalizing is the whole point of either a tax or a cap-and-trade.) With cap-and-trade, revenue is redistributed among businesses. The businesses that cut their carbon emissions relatively more end up capturing money from the businesses that fail to do so. Every business has the same choice before them, and at the same price: the clearing price of the initial permit auction. I'm not sure how much more fair you can get.
Also, Ezra, not only does Frum seem to get it wrong about the existence of revenues from shrinking emissions, but the quantity of those revenues could well hold steady or even rise as emissions go down. Fewer emission permits means each permit is that much more valuable, at least until (and if) some major shift in cost-effective technology makes cutting emissions cheaper than the cost of the previous year's permits.
Posted by: Jonathan | February 27, 2009 1:08 PM
With the economy is the shitter, the timing could not be worse for increasing the costs of struggling American businesses.
It's the last thing this economy needs.
Posted by: El Viajero | March 1, 2009 4:20 AM