WHAT ARE ETHICS WORTH?
The LA Times editorial recommending a "no" vote on Proposition 2 is about as good an example of the overwhelming cruelty incentivized by our current food system as I've seen. Proposition 2, for those late to the party, is a California ballot initiative that would "require that calves raised for veal, egg-laying hens and pregnant pigs be confined only in ways that allow these animals to lie down, stand up, fully extend their limbs and turn around freely." Read that again: It does not require access to sunshine or natural feed. It does not require exercise time or days spent on the field. It just states that the confinement in which they are to spend their miserable lives must allow the to stand, sit, lie, and extend their limbs.
"The egg industry is rife with cruelty to animals. Millions of hens in California are kept in cages so small that every natural instinct is thwarted: They cannot perch, walk or spread their wings. On some farms, cages are stacked and hens on the bottom live in waste. All creatures, even those bred to provide food, deserve to be treated humanely. That's the appeal of Proposition 2," says The LA Times. Sounds good so far. They continue: "[But] as much as we support the decent treatment of animals, we doubt that passage of the measure would start a national trend. In fact, we fear that it would have an unintended consequence: Because it only regulates eggs produced in California and not eggs that are sold here, it would likely bolster the market for cheaper out-of-state eggs produced where farmers have no similar bans on cages."
"As a result, we fear the result of Proposition 2's passage would not be better treatment of hens but merely the export of their mistreatment. We recommend a no vote."
In other words: The animals are cruelly and brutally mistreated because it is cheaper for the farmers to do so. This, the LA Times agrees, is wrong. But voters should reject Proposition 2, because even slightly more humane standards might drive producers from the state, depriving it of business. And the moral imperative to treat living, feeling things with even minimal compassion -- an imperative I don't think Proposition 2 actually satisfies -- is not worth the loss of a couple chicken farms.
One day, when humanity grows its meat in labs, folks will look back on the industrial agriculture of our time with a mixture of awe and horror. They'll look back on editorials like this one with disbelief. They will not judge us kindly.
Image used under a CC license from Fuzzy Gerdes.
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COMMENTS (24)
About $121,000 dollars, or more, depending on which ethics your selling and whose buying.
The real question is, would letting chickens get a little more stretching room make my fried chicken tastier? If so, I'm all for it.
Posted by: Kevin S. Willis | October 15, 2008 1:20 PM
Well... it does rather seem like whoever wrote the Proposition messed up. Surely it's clucking obvious that it needed to apply to eggs sold as well as eggs produced?
Imagine that the California statues on car pollution only applied to cars built in CA...
Posted by: Meh | October 15, 2008 1:24 PM
You have the cause and effect wrong. The slightly more humane standards would drive the cost of production up, and therefore increase the cost to consumers.
Eggs produced in other states would cost less than CA eggs, so invariably consumers will purchase out of state eggs.
Loss of business will then drive producers from the state.
Posted by: kaybeel | October 15, 2008 1:32 PM
I think the problem with making those requirements universal disregarding source is that would be regulating 'interstate commerce' and therefore could be thrown out by courts or regulators at the federal level - saying that only Congress and federal regulators can make such a law/rule.
Federalism does have real problems and constraints. As I understand things, once Congress has spoken on some issue/matter, then Federal law prevails. There is some argument, still evolving, about whether states can have stricter standards (as is the case with autos), but they can't have lesser standards.
The US regulatory agencies under Bush have been pushing hard that stricter standards are to be interpreted by the regulators as unlawful also. That's the briar patch that the CA prop 2 would likely fall into.
Posted by: JimPortlandOR | October 15, 2008 1:34 PM
The animals are cruelly and brutally mistreated because it is cheaper for the farmers to do so. This, the LA Times agrees, is wrong. But voters should reject Proposition 2, because even slightly more humane standards might drive producers from the state, depriving it of business
And resulting in no net improvement for any of the animals, and perhaps a reduction in well-being as additional shipping costs require a further (insofar as that's possible) reduction in the cost of raising these animals.
There's an argument to be made that one shouldn't participate in the cruelty of factory meat farming, and so a yes vote is the right thing to do regardless of whether it results in a net improvement of animal welfare (I'd agree), but an argument that's based on the idea that Prop. 2 will result in a net improvement in animal welfare is subject to just the sort of analysis that the LA Times does.
Posted by: TW Andrews | October 15, 2008 1:58 PM
kaybeel, there are two ways to apply the neoclassical micro you learned in Econ 101: as an element of faith, or as a testable hypothesis. Me, I prefer the latter. What makes you think Prop-2 costs outweight transit costs from out-of-state?
I honestly don't know, but the absence of out-of-state eggs in an already-high-cost state makes me suspicious.
Posted by: wcw | October 15, 2008 2:04 PM
Is there an absence of out of state eggs? I just looked in my refrigerator. My eggs were distributed by a company in Pleasanton, CA. The eggs are only specified to be a product of the USA, so I'm not certain they are from CA at all, but let's assume they are from the city listed on the carton.
Pleasanton is 349 Miles away from my CA kitchen.
By contrast, Nevada is less than 300 miles away, and Mexico is less than 200 miles away.
Posted by: kaybeel | October 15, 2008 2:19 PM
A lot of the proposal is crap. For starters, there is no veal production in California and damn little pig. It's really all about egg production. They just threw in the veal and pig to make you angrier. It's great being manipulated, eh?
Posted by: El Viajero | October 15, 2008 2:26 PM
Truth be known, I live animals and would like to help correct the abuses. I just can's stomach PETA and their wacko ways.
There must be some organizations that are more moderate, but I haven't found 'em.
Posted by: El Viajero | October 15, 2008 2:30 PM
I am very, very, very anti-CAFO and think the way that food is produced in the US is something far beyond a national disgrace, but I suspect Prop 2 is a shortcut into the land of unintended consequences. I think it clearly creates incentives to move animals out-of-state, increasing all the crap associated with shipping while not improving the quality-of-life of the animals.
In addition to what the LA Times examined there's an additional problem. Existing CA law allows "humane societies" to appoint any person to investigate the treatment of animals, including requiring local law enforcement to issue search warrants. Unfortunately the animal welfare movement has a number of wackos heavily involved and if this passes and turns into a circus it creates additional incentives for producers to just move out-of-state. It might help if California rescinded those particular provisions, although that wouldn't change the basic problem of adjacent states (and a country) with far more lax animal husbandry requirements.
Posted by: Melinda | October 15, 2008 2:34 PM
Eggs are amazingly easy to produce. For those of you that have never seen it done, a few hens hang around the coop, eat dirt rocks and some chicken feed, nap alot, and produce more eggs than you can possibly use.
The idea that a company has to stack ten thousand hens on top of each other to eek out a profit is ridiculous.
If you have to buy eggs, buy them at your local farmer's market from someone who knows how to raise chickens. They don't cost any more than supermarket eggs, they totally taste better, and you help out a local businessman.
Posted by: Palin Loves Her Some Federal Pork | October 15, 2008 2:35 PM
Here's a scary thing. If I get reincarnated as a chicken, I want to be a hen in Laos. At least I'll get to wander around. Of course it would be cooler to be a red jungle fowl in the Himalayas. But one can only dream....
Posted by: fostert | October 15, 2008 2:40 PM
And everyone who supports this brutality to animals will regret it. Choose ethics -- chose vegetarian!
Posted by: John McCain: Worse than Bush | October 15, 2008 3:22 PM
El V,
Heard of the ASPCA?
Posted by: JoshA | October 15, 2008 3:24 PM
You heard a lot of the same nonsense during Apartheid. Yes, it's an immoral system--but if we divest, then it'll just make the lives of ordinary Africans worse off! Missing the point that you can't make any change at all by just sticking with the status quo, even if you make sure to talk about how terrible it is.
Posted by: tomemos | October 15, 2008 3:37 PM
Heard of the ASPCA?
Oh, yeah. I already have them ding my debit card each month for $20
Posted by: El Viajero | October 15, 2008 3:46 PM
I'd be more interested in hearing from the Anti-Prop2 folks if they put forth reasonable alternatives instead of just scary hypotheticals.
Posted by: Adrock | October 15, 2008 3:54 PM
I don't care what the LA Times says. I'm voting for Prop. 2 and will pay more for eggs if need be. It's a crime to treat animals the way commercial farms treat treat them.
Posted by: Fiona | October 15, 2008 4:09 PM
Why not some sort of mandatory label system? All eggs for sale in CA must bear either a happy-chicken "This product meets CA anti-cruelty standards" or unhappy-chicken "This product does NOT meet CA anti-crutelty standard" sticker, displayed prominently. It needn't be discriminatory against out-of-state producers if there were a mechanism whereby those producers could get the right to use happy-chicken stickers on showing that their facilities are in compliance.
A labelling system would also give consumers like El V and Fiona the opportunity to express their preference. Additionally, it would it make it clear to others that they are saving .20 cents at the cost of animal suffering.
Restaurants could get into the act too, if the state set up a standard for menu declarations ala "All meat products used comply with CA anti-cruelty standards."
Certainly, it's more productive than this sort of unstoppable race-to-the-bottom handwringing that the LA Times substitutes for reasoning.
Posted by: Wandering About | October 15, 2008 4:39 PM
That's my brother's photo -- it was weird to see his name at the bottom of the post. I had to double check to make sure I was reading the right feed.
Posted by: Discovery | October 15, 2008 4:47 PM
I think the labeling suggestion is deeply excellent. There's entrenched resistance in the ag industry and, probably more significantly, in the USDA and other federal regulatory bodies to labeling programs, but I have high hopes that that will change with a change of administrations.
Fiona, I think that if you want to change things you have to think carefully about the incentives driving current behavior and the way that changing the incentives modifies that behavior. Obviously you want to feel good about your own choices but I don't quite see how you can feel good about changing your behavior in a way that doesn't actually improve the underlying problem. In the best of all possible worlds humane food production will be more profitable than inhumane food production. Right now it's not. There are two basic ways to effect it - make inhumane food production less profitable and make humane food production more profitable. Just shifting the problem around doesn't really help.
Posted by: Melinda | October 15, 2008 5:18 PM
Why not some sort of mandatory label system?
How about stopping tacit subsidies to the most intensive production methods? The California WIC guide explicitly excludes "Specialty eggs such as: cage free, stress free, vitamin enriched, organic".
"Specialty" here means "laid by hens that aren't confined to an area the size of a sheet of paper". Yeah, that's special.
Posted by: pseudonymous in nc | October 15, 2008 5:21 PM
I think the mandatory labeling idea is an excellent idea, too.
Also, I don't think anyone explicitly mentioned the following argument in favor of Prop 2, which is that if it passes in California it will serve as moral example for other states to follow (it would not be the first time that California "led the way" on a state issue). Then if a similar law got passed in lots of states, you'd have the support to start talking about federal standards that could finally, actually end the practice nation-wide.
It seems like supporters are saying you should vote yes as a kind of moral imperative even though it won't actually help any animals, but I think there's a good reason from a tactics standpoint to vote yes on this.
Posted by: david morris | October 15, 2008 9:43 PM
El Viajero - also try the Humane Society.
Posted by: Anonymous | October 16, 2008 12:32 PM