OBAMA AND "MAGIC."
You can't escape all the Obama coverage in the news right now, and for the most part, it's been good coverage for him. But there seems to be a turn toward the "magical negro" slant, especially by left and mainstream writers, that's resoundingly offensive. We've seen the malicious version of it with the "Barack the Magic Negro" number that America's favorite racist, Rush Limbaugh, put out last April, but it's the new, seemingly well-meaning version that's more insidious. You see it today on Salon in Gary Kamiya's piece "Obama's double magic", in which he raves that "the fact that it is a black man who is serving as America's philosopher's stone, turning the base metal of bitterness into the gold of forgiveness, is extraordinarily moving." It's also on AlterNet today, where Steven Rosenfeld ponders "The Magic Behind Obama's Message." And there's plenty of confused race rhetoric to take issue with in Anne Applebaum's column today, but most notably she seems to be banking on Obama's "magic" as a means to assuage white guilt, propelling him to the nomination.
The so-called "magical negro" has long been a stock character in fiction. He (or she) is a mysterious figure who shows up to dispense wisdom to the white people around him, purportedly because he possesses some kind of strange powers or simply because his race makes him closer to the earth and more in tune with nature. Moreover, these powers are used solely to aid the white lead. His magic ingratiates them with the white characters, and with viewers, seemingly in spite of his race. This acceptance however is based on momentary usefulness and not any true acceptance of black culture or identity. The "magical negro" is Michael Clarke Duncan as John Coffey in The Green Mile, the seven-foot black man with mysterious healing powers. He's Will Smith in The Legend of Bagger Vance, the caddy whose whimsy and wisdom guide the lead to golfing victory. She's Whoopi Goldberg in Ghost channeling the spirit of Patrick Swayze.
Like it does so often in film, it seems the "magical negro" frame is getting a pass in the press today as (often) white, liberal, well-intentioned writers ponder what it is propelling Obama to the lead in the primaries. In this story though, all of white liberal America stands in as the protagonist. Rather than giving Obama agency -- he's a strong candidate, he has solid experience and good policy, he's putting out a message that people identify with -- it's about what he shows up to "magically" deliver to white America.
The limited frames for a black candidate aren't just confined to the "magical," however. The several times I've seen the candidate speak in person, all the (mostly) white, liberal reporters around me have raved about how he "speaks like a minister" -- because they lack much experience with great black orators outside their conception of what a black, Southern minister sounds like, as that's another of the few acceptable roles granted to black men.
So while I do think that Obama's success shows signs of great progress in race relations in America, you don't have to look outside even the left-leaning press to find screwed up, highly racialized interpretations of Obama's success.
--Kate Sheppard
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COMMENTS (15)
Yeah. The fact that so many people (me included at times) spend so much time defining Obama's success as a triumph of race relations demonstrates that we can't see past race.
Posted by: winer | January 8, 2008 2:10 PM
Around the time of the Bagger Vance movie, Chris Rock had a really funny skit on his TV show that was a preview for a fake movie called "Migger: The Magic N%&$er."
And yes, Rush Limbaugh fans, it can be funny when a black person makes that joke, while being considerably less funny when a white person makes the same joke.
Posted by: Haggai | January 8, 2008 2:11 PM
It's a much less well-known movie, but the movie "The Four Feathers," the recent version of that movie that is, also has a fella like that.
Posted by: Steve W. | January 8, 2008 2:37 PM
Haggai--I thought the same thing. That Chris Rock Show fake trailer was one of the funniest things I've ever seen. If it's on youtube (and what isn't?), I highly recommend checking it out.
Posted by: Goldberg | January 8, 2008 2:56 PM
Or, since Clinton is hitting the skids, we can get the same identity politics treatment of race that we've been seeing on gender. Fortunately, Obama doesn't seem terribly invested in it, so it'll be a fixation of the academic left. The racism that he will face will be of the very real, but unsubtle variety. I think he'll overcome it.
Posted by: Marc | January 8, 2008 3:23 PM
It's a lot of well-meant racial pandering by victims of Stage 4 White Guilt. A goodly chunk of Obama's support so far clearly derives from it, despite his obvious real strengths that have nothing to do with skin color. Most successful candidates have some irrational or at least non-rational draw--JFK had youth and vigor, Carter folksiness, Clinton empathy. Whatever gets the boobs to vote for you.
Posted by: Metastasized | January 8, 2008 3:32 PM
of course these are complicated waters and still, and i'm not undercutting the basic thrust of kate's argument, but you know, the basic call-and-response oratorical pattern that obama excels in is rooted, in american terms, in the black baptist ministerial tradition, and there's nothing "limiting" about pointing that out. (i note american terms, because ultimately it's rooted in west african musical practices, but i digress.)
Posted by: howard | January 8, 2008 3:41 PM
Quite honestly, what we are going through with both Barack and Hillary are better than I expected. I think the first time will always be the hardest. JFK went through this with his Catholicism, but it was a non-issue for Kerry. I may be overly optimistic, but I think both black and female candidates will find it a bit easier next time around.
Posted by: Mark | January 8, 2008 3:42 PM
Okay, but in this analogy, Obama should be a one-dimensional, secondary character to the white protagonist, over whom the emotional arc of the story is really draped. Who's whitey? It seems like the hole in the "magic negro" theory of the Obama campaign is that in this story, in the end, he actually becomes the president.
Posted by: Daniel Munz | January 8, 2008 3:43 PM
I don't know. I wouldn't entirely dismiss it. There is plenty of magical thinking in thinking that candidates are progressive due to their identity characteristics. While I think it's an unfair assessment of Obama himself, it's not like we haven't been fed that *notion* to exhaustion over this primary season.
Posted by: Anonymous | January 8, 2008 3:49 PM
That pattern's been repeated ad infinitum in political speeches and popular music, though, so I think it has been used and has appeal to a far broader audience at this point.
I couldn't even read Kamiya's article today. Salon's political coverage-- at least in terms of full-lenth articles-- is just weird lately. (I'm half-hoping for Hillary Clinton to lose the primary soon so we get Sid Blumenthal back.)
Posted by: Persia | January 8, 2008 3:57 PM
The long-suffering American public, perhaps?
Posted by: Persia | January 8, 2008 4:08 PM
People who deny that race is a major factor in the Barry Bonds situation really don't get this country.
Here's how it works: Many white folks have repressed guilt about racism, which when combined with the rampant negrophobia promoted by the media, causes us to crave Happy Black Men. An avuncular happy black man puts all of our guilt and fear to rest. That's why we prefer, say, jovial Ernie ("Let's play two") Banks to a surly black man like Bill Russell.
(This has been another edition of White People 101)
Posted by: fredo bush | January 8, 2008 4:31 PM
I don't know. Is it really so wrong to refer to "magic" when describing Obama's current position? I mean, it's not like he is a man with a career full of actual accomplishments. His entire national political career amounts to three years and a couple of days in the Senate, and I'm unaware of anything significant he has accomplished during those three years. And he apparently pushed one or two significant bills as a state rep.
Yet here he is, having just won the Iowa caucuses and seemingly poised to sweep to the Democratic nomination.
Sounds like there might be a little magic involved.
Posted by: Steve H. | January 8, 2008 4:37 PM
In two of your examples, the characters are direct allegories to religious figures.
While John Coffey is "seven-foot black man with mysterious healing powers" he's also J.C. - Jesus Christ. King's no philosopher, and The Green Mile's no "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest", but a more charitable interpretation of what he was trying to convey would be that white (Christian) society is so blinded by Coffey's size and race that they couldn't see him for who he was. If you wish, you could interpret it as a story about how sometimes you can't see past your worldly concerns such that you recognize the hand of God - but at this point I'm verging on writing a Huckabee sermon on "vertical thinking".
As for Bagger Vance, his name is derived from "Bhagavad" (as in Bhagavad-Gita), so we're looking at the Hindu God Krishna as a golf pro.... And I'll stop talking now. ;-)
Posted by: Aaron | January 8, 2008 4:57 PM